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Hungary is located in Central Europe, Northwest of Romania. Hungary may be a small country, but it packs an awful lot within its borders. There is diversity in its landscape, which ranges from flat and grassy plains to lush peaks and valleys, and in its culture, which makes room for both traditional churches and vibrant modern nightclubs.
This overview is written based on the latest information available during the time of writing, thus it is subject to revision without prior knowledge or notice.
Official Name: Known officially as the Republic of Hungary, or commonly as Hungary.
Capital: Budapest is the capital of Hungary. It is located in the North-Central territory of Hungary on the Danube River.
Location: Hungary is located in Central Europe, Northwest of Romania.
Size: The total land area of Hungary is 93,028 square kilometers and this ranks 109th globally. The size is slightly smaller than Indiana in the USA.
Climate: The climate in Hungary is temperate. Summers are warm while winters are cold, cloudy and humid.
Population: Hungary has an estimated population of 9.9 million people and ranks 82nd globally. The country has a negative population growth rate of -0.257%.
Life expectancy at birth: The average life expectancy at birth for citizens of Hungary is 73.44 years, ranking at 106th globally. Females have a longer average life span at 77.87 years, while Males average at 69.27 years from birth.
Prevalence of HIV/AIDS: The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Hungary is about 0.1%, placing 122nd globally. This means that around 3,300 people are living with the disease in the country.
Major Illnesses: The risk of major infectious disease in Hungary is intermediate. Food or waterborne diseases such as bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis A have been reported. Other major diseases also include Vectorborne diseases such as Tickborne Encephalitis. There are also confirmed cases of the H1N1virus (Swine Flu) in Hungary.
Ethnic Groups: Hungary is mainly comprised of Hungarian ethnics at 92.3% of the population. Other ethnic groups include Roma at 1.9% and other or unknown at 5.8%.
Languages: The official language in Hungary is Hungarian at 93.6%. Other and unspecified languages at 6.4%.
Religion:The major religion in Hungary is Roman Catholic accounting for 51.9% of the population. Other religions include Calvinist at 15.9%, Lutheran at 3%, Greek Catholic at 2.6%, other Christian at 1%, other or unspecified at 11.1% and unaffiliated at 14.5%.
Government: The Government of Hungary is a parliamentary democracy, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the Government. Legislative power is vested in both the Government and parliament. Legislative power is exercised by the unicameral National Assembly that consists of 386 members. Members of the National Assembly are elected for four years.
Head of State: The Head of State in Hungary is the President Laszlo Solyom who is elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term, renewable once. The president has a largely ceremonial role, but powers also include appointing the Prime Minister.
Head of Government: The Head of Government in Hungary is the Prime Minister Gordon Bajnai. The prime minister selects cabinet ministers and has the exclusive right to dismiss them.
Military: The Federal Armed Forces of Hungary consist of two branches namely Hungarian Ground Forces and Hungarian Air Force. The suitable age for male and female voluntary military service is 18-50 years of age with a 6-month service obligation.
Economy: Hungary has long been an agricultural country, but since World War II it has become heavily industrialised. The main contributors to Hungary's GDP are the services sector at 64%, industry sector at 33% and agriculture sector at 3%. About half of Hungary's land is arable; with highly diversified crop and livestock production, the country is self-sufficient in food. Wheat, corn, sunflower seeds, potatoes, sugar beets, and grapes are the major crops. Pigs, cattle, sheep, and poultry are also raised. Hungary has been an important producer of bauxite, and deposits of coal, copper, natural gas, oil, and uranium have been exploited as well.
Important industries in Hungary include mining and metallurgy, food processing, manufacture of construction materials, textiles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, steel, and motor vehicles. About one third of Hungarian industry is located in or near Budapest. Other industrial centers are Gyor, Miskolc, Pécs, Debrecen, Szeged, and Dunapentele. The tourism industry is also an important source of foreign capital. Machinery, equipment, and food products are the most important exports; machinery and equipment, manufactured goods, fuels, and electricity are imported. Germany is the country's largest trading partner by far, followed by Austria, Italy, and France.
GDP: Hungary has a purchasing power parity of US$ 196.7 billion, ranking at 54th in the world. The country has a 0.6% growth rate, which ranks 190th globally.
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